科學

Force the use of scientific and reasonable method 

若要使跆拳道的技術提升，則力的科學及合理使用法的了解，是不可欠缺的條件。
To enable the upgrading of technology of Taekwondo, the power of scientific and reasonable use of the understanding, is not the lack of conditions.

目前跆拳道的修練，都是以無條的鍛鍊主義和猛訓練主義為基本，進行教導。
Taekwondo is currently the practice, are not of the exercise, and take as the basic training for teaching.

至於合理的研究則很少，實在是令人遺憾，而這也正是使跆拳道的存在日益神祕化，並茫然地被繼承的決定性因素。 
As very few studies are reasonable, it is regrettable, and this is precisely so that the existence of taekwondo and increasingly mysterious, and at a loss to be the decisive factor in the succession. 

有效果的力與技術的使用法，是指「力量如何產生？如何發揮？並如何獲得最大的效果」。 
Effective use of power and technology law, refers to “how the power? How? And how to get the most effect.

” 以這樣的科學原理來進行研究，才能獲得最大的成效。 
Such scientific principles to study in order to obtain maximum results.

關於這一點，以下內容會繼續說明。 
In this regard, will continue to note the following. 



牛頓的運動方程式 Newton’s equation of movement 

自然界有重力、彈力、摩擦力、磁力、電力、慣性力等各種力。 
Nature, gravity, elasticity, friction, magnetic, electrical, power and other inertial force. 

牛頓在定義力的時候，提出由運動時所產生的質量與速度的變化，來求力的方程式。
Newton’s definition of force in time, the movement generated by the quality and speed of change to the formula for power. F = m． F = m. a（ F = 力，m = 質量，a = 加速度） a (F = force, m = mass, a = acceleration) 

這個公式在研究各種力之際，非常方便。
The formula for power in the study, the very convenient. 

跆拳道同樣是把人的体重視為質量，若身体和腳、拳所產生的動作是加速度，則体重與動作的速度之間，便形成一種密切的關係。 
Taekwondo is the same as the quality of people’s weight, if the body and legs, boxing action is generated by the acceleration, the weight and speed of movement between, they form a close relationship.

換言之，根據力是由質量與加速度來決定的原理可知，跆拳道的攻擊力與防禦力、破壞力就都由這些因素決定。
In other words, the force is to determine the quality and the principle of acceleration, we can see, taekwondo and defense of the attack, and damage on all of these factors.

例如開始攻擊時，身体必處不安定狀態（質量減少，速度增加）較有利，相反的，防禦時則以極安定的狀態（質量增加，速度滅少）較有利。
For example, when the attack began, the body must state Department of uncertainty (the quality of reduction, speed increase) is more favorable to the contrary, when defense was a very stable state (the quality to increase speed to eliminate less) more advantageous.

然而，此時則與牛頓運動法則無法一致。
However, this time with the Newton’s law can not be the same movement. 

因此，只選擇以科學方法使用跆拳道所必要的力量時，應注意的重要事項來加以說明。
Therefore, only the use of scientific methods to choose the necessary strength of Taekwondo, we should pay attention to important issues to be described. 

首先，必須考慮的是安定度、支撐面（腳底）、重心（以上相當於質量），及彈性、敏捷性、柔軟性（以上相當於加速度）等。
First of all, must be considered is the stability, the support surface (foot), center of gravity (more than the equivalent quality), and flexibility, agility, flexibility (more than the equivalent of acceleration) and so on.

同時，為了更有效率地使用質量和加速度，還必須注意到精神狀態及神經、呼吸調節等三個條件。 
At the same time, in order to make more efficient use of mass and acceleration, it is important to note that state of mind and nerves, the three conditions, such as respiratory regulation. 



安定度、支撐面、重心
Stability, the support surface, the focus of 

驅使”力”的基本條件，是由人的姿勢屬於何種狀態來左右。
Driven by “force” the basic requirements for the position by the people are about what kind of state.

亦即安定度良好的姿勢，雖不利於快速攻擊，但對防禦卻非常有利。That is, a good degree of stability and posture, is not conducive to fast attack, but defense is very favorable. 

反之，不安定的狀態雖不利於防禦，在攻擊時卻能具有快速度的優點。
Instead, the state of insecurity not conducive to defense, in an attack can have the advantage of speed. 

這安定度與重心位置的變高或變低，及支撐面的擴大或變小等，有極密切的關係。
This degree of stability and change the focus of the location of high or low, and the support surface, such as expanding or shrinking, which has a very close relationship. 

人体和其它物体一樣有兩個中心，一是前後左右上下的中心點，而人体相當於中心線的部位是脊椎骨，另一則是隨著物体運動而移動重心，而當人体採立正姿勢時，這重心即相當於仙骨的前端部份。
Like the human body and other objects, there are two centers, one around the center from top to bottom, and the parts of the body is equal to the centerline of the spine, and the other objects in movement with the mobile focus of attention when the body posture adopted, this the focus of which is equivalent to the front-end part of bone cents. 

一般言之，男性的運動中心大約是在身高由下往上算起約百分之五十六的地方；女性則大約是在身高由下往上算的百分之五十五的地方。
General statement, the men’s sports center in the height is about bottom-up date by about 56 percent of the local; female is about bottom-up in height by the operator of the local 55 percent. 

所以，當我們要移動身体時，只要將骨盤降低，就會覺得較舒服而安定感也增加了。
Therefore, when we want to move body, as long as the lower pelvis, it will feel more comfortable and also increased the sense of stability. 

因此，人們睡眠時，都是躺著睡，這就是因為躺下的姿勢，定安度最高，重心最低，支撐面最大。
Therefore, when people sleep, are lying down to sleep, and this is because the down position, Dingan highest, lowest center of gravity, the greatest support surface.

反之，若是重心位置高，安定度則減低，不過，此時身体的動作卻可變得敏捷
Conversely, if the location of the high center of gravity, reducing the degree of stability, but this time the body can become agile movements.

故而重心不僅與安定度有關，而且還可以增加攻擊的機能。 
Therefore focus not only on the degree and stability, but also can increase the function of the attack.

例如，我們以拳頭攻擊對方，或以腳踢對方時，若不把骨盤朝向攻擊目標的方向運動，就不能增加攻擊力。
For example, we have to attack each other’s fists or kicking each other, the failure to make the pelvis towards the direction of target movement, will not be able to increase the attack power. 

如前述F = m． Such as the aforementioned F = m. a，若想使力量增強，就必須使m增大，而若重心不變（腰部不轉）m就不會增大。 a, To make strength increased, so that m must be increased, if the same center of gravity (not to waist) m will not increase. 

所以，如果與攻擊目標不同的方向來移動重心，就無法增加攻擊力。
Therefore, if the object of the attack in different directions to move the focus of attacks will not be able to increase power. 

所謂有威力的攻擊，是指骨盤、肩膀、頭部等整体身体，都朝向攻擊目標移動（全部体重的移動）。
The so-called powerful attack is phalangeal plates, shoulders, head, such as whole body, all moving towards the target (all weight of the mobile). 

而當這些力量全部集中在拳頭或腳尖上時，就能獲得有威力的攻擊效果。 
And when all these forces on the fists or toes when the power will be able to obtain the effect of the attack. 



速度 Speed 

不管我們用多麼有效的方法去獲得重量（質量）， 但若缺乏速度，仍然無法獲得有效的力量。 
No matter how effectively we use the method to get the weight (mass), but the lack of speed, still unable to obtain an effective force. 

經常可見「輕踢（打）」或「強踢（打）」的名詞，前者也表示速度遲緩；後者也表示了速度極快的意思。 
Often can be seen “light to play (play)” or “strong play (play)” term, which also said that the slow speed; the latter also expressed the meaning of speed. 

如前所述，增加速度的方法和重心的移動，有很密切的關係。
As mentioned earlier, the increase in speed and movement of the focus, there are very closely related. 

當重心移動時，身体處於不安定的狀態，但因為比較容易移動，所以速度也容易增加。
When the focus moves, the body in a state of unrest, but relatively easy to move, it can easily increase the speed.

對這一象現，可以陀螺旋轉的原理來解釋。 
Of this as is, can the principle of gyroscope rotation to explain. 

蛇螺的旋轉，是因支撐子，重心高。 
Lo snake rotation is due to support child, high center of gravity. 

跆拳道也是一樣，當安度低而重心較高時，即可增加身体或拳、腳的速度。 
Taekwondo is the same, when the security is low and the high center of gravity, you can increase the physical or fist, foot speed. 

此外，具有柔軟性，且攻擊距離較時，也可以增加速度。
In addition, with flexibility and more time away from the attack, but also can increase the speed. 

故而千萬不可讓肩膀用力而變得堅硬，尤其跆拳道的姿勢，多是由柔軟的姿勢和動作構成，所以使肌肉放鬆，且使全身感到鬆軟是很重要的事。
Therefore, force must not become so hard shoulder, in particular the position Taekwondo, more than by the soft, posture and movement composition, therefore, muscle relaxation, and so are the soft body is a very important thing. 

我想大家都知道，人体是由骨骼的關節來串接，並根據神經作用使肌肉伸縮而運動的。
I think we all know, the human body is a series of bone to the joints, and neural effects of muscle stretching and movement. 

所以，只要肌肉缺乏柔軟性，就無法具有瞬間動作的敏捷性，也因此促使攻擊與防守的動作都變得遲鈍了。 
Therefore, the lack of flexibility as long as the muscle can not move with the agility of the moment, so to attack and defense movements have become slow the. 



神經 Nerve 

一條神經，通常分為數十條或數百條來和每一塊肌肉的纖維連接。
A nerve, usually divided into dozens or hundreds of years and every muscle fiber connectivity.

而使得傳到神經的刺激，分別隨著一條條的神經進入肌肉纖維之中，然後再傳到身体各部位去。
Resulting in spread to nerve stimulation, respectively, with a section of nerve fibers into the muscle, and then spread to various parts of the body. 

連接這種神經的束，就稱為「運動單位」。 
This nerve bundle connection, known as “movement units.” 

一塊肌肉中，有很多這樣的單位，因此，若非所有單位一起運動，則無法產生力量。
A piece of muscle, there are many such units, therefore, not all units with movement, you can not have the strength. 故而集中精神對於使所有的單位一起運動，有很大的效果。
Therefore focus on all the units to work together so that movement, have great effect. 

關於神經和肌肉的疏通，是以自動的方式進行。 
On nerve and muscle to clear, is an automatic way. 

當刺激由神經傳達到肌肉時，肌肉就立刻產生反應。
When stimulated by the nerve to convey to the muscles, the muscles respond immediately. 

而若運動神經的敏捷性喪失時，我們就不能產生力量，也不能運用所學的技術了。 
And if the motor neuron loss of agility, we will not be able to generate power, can not learn to use the technology. 

對於此，神經細胞之間的關係，及在肌肉中擔任肌肉感覺的部份，都同樣負有重要責任。
For this, the relationship between nerve cells and muscle in muscle as part of the feeling, have important responsibilities are the same. 

不過，這種機能是可以經由跆拳道的訓練而提高的。
However, this function is through Taekwondo training and improvement. 


呼吸 Respiratory 

不論是何種運動，在將身体前曲或後仰時，都應該吐氣，而在筆直站立時，則應該吸氣，這是一般的原則。
No matter what kind of movement, in the body, or back before the song, they should blow off steam, and in the straight when standing, they should be breathing, which is the general principle. 

不過，使用跆拳道去踢目的物時或打時，卻是吐氣，並且在踢目的物的瞬間停止呼吸，否則便難獲得效果。
However, the use of Taekwondo to kick objects or playing when it is exhaled, and objects in play the moment to stop breathing, the effect would be difficult to obtain.

因為，吐氣時身体內部的抵坑力減弱，而身体會變得較柔軟；停止呼吸時，則可使力量集中，這乃是所謂的「呼吸調節」。 
Because, when the breath inside the body arrived in the pit edge, and the body will become more flexible; stop breathing, you can concentrate on, which is the so-called “breathing regulation.” 

在以跆拳道之技巧擊出的那一瞬間，嘴裡都會大叫一聲「呀」！ 
Taekwondo skills in the hit of that moment, his mouth will yell out “Yes”!

其原因就是於出拳時，必須除去胸腔內的空氣，以集中精神。
The reason is in the punching, it is important to remove the air chest in order to concentrate on.

但是若把這種叫聲拖長，一直到打擊到目的物的瞬間，則無法獲得很大的力量。 
However, if such a call to prolong it, until the moment the fight against the objects, you can not get a lot of strength.

因為，必得將精神集中，才能使力量發揮到最大效果。
Because the spirit would be moved to focus on to make to maximize the effectiveness of forces.

總之，不管是攻擊或防禦，若是精神不集中，而呼吸也沒有調節好，就會嚐到失敗的滋味。 
In short, regardless of attack or defense, if the spirit does not focus on, and there is no regulation of breathing, and will taste the taste of failure. 

關於這一點，凡是充分修練的人，都知道將自己有限的力量，基於精神集中、神經的敏感性，及呼吸的調節等缺竅，來使之發揮到最大限度的要領，然後再使之習慣化，最後即能獲得並保有驚人的破壞力。
On this point, all the full practice of the people, all know that limited the power of their own, based on the concentration, the sensitivity of neurons and the regulation of breathing, such as lack of intelligence to make the key play to the maximum, and then used to make , and the last that is able to obtain and retain amazing destructive power.